From 1500 onward the native peoples of America were conquered by newcomers from Europe . Their lands became colonies and they were ruled from Europe . After a while the European settlers rebelled and set up their own governments.{ In 1776,13 British colonies in North America joined together to create the United States of America (U.S. ). About 50 years later, South America colonies broke away from their Spanish and Portuguese masters. Usually the struggle for freedom meant fighting, but Brazil and Canada became independent peacefully, by agreement}
SOUTH AMERICAN FREEDOM
Born in Venezuela , Simon Bolivar (1783-1830) led South America’s war for independence from Spain . He freed Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , and Peru . Bolivar wanted all of South America to become one country. Bolivia was named after him.
GIFTED LEADER
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-68) was a great preacher and public speaker. He encouraged African-Americans to take part in a peaceful struggle to be treated as equal with whites. He was very popular, but was shot dead by an assassin. In the U.S. , he is remembered by a national holiday.
AMERICAN PRESIDENTS
The first president of the U.S. was George Washington. He had commanded the American forces that won independence from Britain in 1783. The American capital is named after him. The heads of four great presidents have been carved out of a cliff at Mount Rushmore , South Dakota .
MAXICAN PRESIDENT
Benito Juarez (1806-72) was a Zapotec Indian who became the first president of Mexico in 1862, and Juarez led the war that pushed them out by 1867. he worked at hard to make Mexico a democracy and became a national hero.
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